In contrast, lasers are so precise, you can target one cell in millions at precise intervals — every second, every minute, every hour — you name it.

相比之下，激光是如此精确，你可以在精确的时间间隔里瞄准数百万个细胞的任何一个，一秒内、一分内、一小时内，你说了算。

But neither radiation nor chemotherapeutic drugs target only cancer cells.

但放疗和化疗破环的不单单是癌细胞。

Insulin is a hormone, and hormones get their job done by binding receptors on the surface of their target cell, much like a key fitting into a lock.

胰岛素是一种激素（注: 也叫荷尔蒙），通过与细胞表面受体进行绑定（结合）来发挥作用，就像用钥匙开锁那样。

And so people in the aging field have actually been trying to target senescent cells to try and remove them from aging tissues, thinking that this'll restore some anti-aging benefits.

因此衰领域的人们实际上一直在尝试针对衰细胞，试图将它们从衰除，认为这将有利于抗衰。

These viruses are all still considered " HIV" but behave slightly differently from each other and target different cells in the host, in fact that host cell preference is called viral tropism.

这些病毒都可看作是HIV，但互相之间又略有不同，攻击宿主的不同细胞；这种宿主细胞偏好称之为病毒亲嗜性。

Today, we have medications that keep Parkinson's at bay, but they eventually stop working as the dopamine-producing cells die off, since drugs can't work if there's no target cell to act on.

如今，我们已经有了抑制帕金森病的药物，但随着产生多巴胺的细胞的死亡，药物最终会停止工作，因为如果没有作用的目标细胞，药物就无法起作用。

Firstly, by combining them with an anti-cancer drug which can then accurately locate and target only the cancer cells, or avoiding the healthy cells.

首先，将它们与抗癌药物结合，然后可以准确定位和靶向癌细胞，避开健康细胞。

Researchers are still developing more precise interventions that only target the intended cancer cells.

研究人员仍在开发更精确的干预措施治疗目标癌细胞。

ACTH, then, travels to the pair of adrenal glands, on top of each kidney, where it specifically targets cells in the adrenal cortex.

ACTH之后被运输到位于两个肾上方的肾上腺，在此专门针对肾上腺皮质细胞。

There are also target cells, which are small RBCs that look like bullseyes due to scrunching up of the excess cell membrane.

也可见靶形红细胞（由于多余的细胞膜皱缩而看起来像靶心的小红细胞）。

That's because cancer drugs often target any rapidly dividing cells, which include but are not limited to a patient's cancer.

这是因为癌症药物通常针对快速分裂的细胞，但这包括但不限于病人的癌症细胞。

While the therapy targets malignant cells, it also destroys nearby healthy ones.

虽然治疗的目的是杀死恶性细胞，但它也破坏了附近健康的细胞。

NK cells kill their target cells by releasing cytotoxic granules in their cytoplasm directly into the target cell.

NK细胞通过释放胞质内的细胞毒颗粒直接进入靶细胞内，来杀死靶细胞。

So target cells for those kinds of hormones have receptors for them on the outside of their membranes.

所以这些激素的靶细胞在膜的外面有受体。

These granules contain some molecules that punch holes in the target cell's membrane by binding by binding directly to the phospholipids and creating pores. and some that cause target cells to undergo apoptosis, which is a programmed cell death.

这些颗粒内含一些能在靶细胞膜上打孔的分子，它们直接与磷脂结合，然后穿孔；还有一些能够导致靶细胞凋亡，即程序性细胞死亡。

Either way, when a target cell is activated, the hormone alters its activity, by either increasing or decreasing some of its functions — usually with the goal of maintaining your body's homeostasis in one way or another.

不管怎样，当一个靶细胞被激活时，激素就会改变它的活性，通过增加或减少它的一些功能——通常目的是以这样或那样的方式维持你身体的体内平衡。

The target cells and their receptors also move around, so the researchers think the fibers' movement could increase the chance that they'll collide with a receptor.

由于靶细胞和它们的受体也在运动，因此研究人员认为纤维的运动可能会增加它们与受体结合的机会。

Once rhinovirus has been introduced to the respiratory mucosa, it targets cell surface receptors expressed at the surface of nasal epithelial cells.

一旦鼻病毒被进入呼吸道粘膜，它的目标是在鼻上皮细胞表面表达的细胞表面受体。

NK cells are large lymphocytes with granules and they target cells infected with intracellular organisms, like viruses, as well as cells that pose a threat like cancer cells.

NK细胞是有颗粒的大淋巴细胞，它们靶向被细胞内病原体（如病毒）感染的细胞，还有像癌细胞这样构成威胁的细胞。

But your pituitary — which is nestled all comfy under your brain — produces follicle-stimulating hormone, which helps regulate growth and triggers sexual maturity, and it only targets specific cells in the ovaries and testes.

但是你的垂体——它舒适地依偎在你的大脑下面——产生促卵泡激素，帮助调节生长和触发性成熟，它只针对卵巢和睾丸的特定细胞。